Research studies have shown that are several factors that are affecting our local students from getting job. One of the factors are the students themselves are incompetence in skills, poor in their academic achievements, courses taken are less demanding besides having poor attitudes.
Students who graduated from local universities possess poor academic achievement and quality. Some of them graduated with CGPA of 2.50 and below. Therefore they have to compete with other students who have higher qualifications and posses other special skills as well. Their low pointers reflected on their poor academic achievement and therefore employers are quite skeptical to accept these students as part of their workforce.
These students also demanded high salary. With high salary demand yet no experience of working, employer find it hard to employ them because they will have to spend their time to train the new employee while there are many other experienced but retrenched workers are waiting in line to apply for the job.
These students also do not have any hands on experience on any other skills. They find themselves only limited to what they learned in school and university, not active in school society or clubs and sports therefore they are at a disadvantage when come job application when they have nothing to put into their resume. Employers especially in the government’s sector usually give high priority to those students who are active in school and at university level. Private sector would usually wants students who possesses other skills that can be applied to the company benefit to complement with their degrees.
Yet the most simple and many are taking it for granted during their school days are their English empowerment where they are lack of soft-skills or better known as communication skills. Added to their unable to use proper English, they are also unable to communicate fluently. Lacking of interpersonal skills is a big disadvantage to these students since in business world, communication skills are essential and business that heavily depended on communication skills.
Another factors that contribute towards unemployment are courses taken by the students, or offered by the university are irrelevant to the job market and less demanding. Some of the courses are Human Resources, Art of Performance, Hotel, Agriculture and many others. The jobs may be available but then the students may be very choosy and possess poor attitude towards working and poor discipline.
Tuesday, July 31, 2007
Educational Psychology : Parenting Styles
CHAPTER 13 : EDUCATION INDUSTRY
Education is the process of teaching and learning in school or college.
Industry is the activities involved in one type of business or something which is produced in large quantities which makes a lot of money.
Objectives of Promoting Education Industry in Malaysia.
1. Malaysia as a regional centre of education excellence.
Government aims to achieve vision 2020, changing Malaysia into an industrialized country. When the government started their economy revolution in privatizing sectors, one of the sectors included is education. Their aim is to bring the world class education to Malaysia.
According Professor Rosabeth Kantor’s “World class suggesting both the need to meet the highest standard anywhere in order to compete and the growth of a social class defined by its ability to command resources and operate beyond borders and across wide territories.”
Applying the 3 C’s concept, competence, connections.
a. concept – the best and latest knowledge and ideas
b. competence – the ability to operate at the highest standards in any place anywhere
c. connection – the best relationships which provide access to the resources of other people and organizations around the world.
By promoting the establishments of private universities it is hoped to bring the quality education comparable to the standards provided by world renowned universities. They are known for their quality research and publications that enhance the knowledge and contribute towards the advancement of sciences (Research and Development).
2. Education as an Industry Rather Than a Social Obligation.
By turning the eduction sector into an industry, the government has ease some of its burden when come to providing the best education to the public. Education in this context is no longer considered as a social obligations to the government but of a mean to generate the economic wealth. Instead of subsidizing the education to the public, the government in turn are turning the education sector as a profit making industry and people would enjoy better education that they can afford.The expanding of higher education market began to attract overseas students, and given a small domestic market, Malaysia started to reposition itself as regional centre of excellence in tertiary education to benefit from economies of scale.
3. Provide human capital to cater for the industrial needs.
Education reforms were introduced since the later 1980s to encourage the private sector to play a more dynamic and expanded role in higher education to meet excess demand and to produce sufficient skilled workers for an economy that was experiencing severe labour and skill shortages. It was apparent that self- sufficiency in education was critical to the nation's drive to achieve developed nation status by the year 2020.
4. Preparing our society for globalisation.
Education is and will always remain a public service and as such, we need to exercise a large degree of social responsibility. As we prepare our society for globalization, we also need to be mindful of the fact that there will be people who are left behind. Therefore, the education system has to be flexible enough to pay equal attention to both high and low achievers. At the end of the day, we would like to see the emergence of growth with equity to be based on a much more egalitarian basis, without hindering the quest for excellence.
Many people would argue that education is a determinant and also a reflection of society. Therefore, in a multiracial, complex and sophisticated society like ours, reforming education has to take into consideration many conflicting, extreme as well as contradictory views. At present, our reforms already reflect changes in the society, brought about by rapid economic growth.
Malaysia as A Regional Centre of Education Excellence
The education minister and his deputy as well as policy makers have indicated that the higher education reform is vital to help realize the vision 2020, national goal to be a developed, industrialized country. In addition the country aims to be a hub in education and information technology in the region therefore making especially higher education / tertiary level education an export commodity.
In the context of tertiary education, the privatisation of higher education and the corporatisation of the universities are in fact an extension of the twin policies of privatisation and “Malaysia Incorporated” of Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir where by May 15 1994, the government had privatised 103 entities and more than 15 previously governement owned companies. The reformation is driven mainly by the economic needs and economic agenda of the country. The country aims to make education an export commodity.
The vision will come to fruition only when all institutions of higher learning public or private can compete and have the competitive edge when compared to foreign institutions of higher learning both at regional or international level.
Malaysia has already established numbers of local universities, some are specialized into certain field of study. Malaysia also has many private universities and encouraging top foreign participation, it will indirectly provide competitions as well as improvement in the overall quality of education in the education in the country. Currently we already have the existing twinning programmes which are very popular even with foreign students would be able to come here to study without having to go too far or to shoulder a heavier financial burden.
The quality of education in Malaysia, at least equal to that of other countries in the region. This is apparent now that we have an open and liberal education system, especially with the new Acts, such as the Private Higher Education Act. The government is also investing a lot of the latest information technology such as installing computers in education and those that are at the forefront of technology and knowledge. They believe that the students must be equipped with the latest equipment to assist students.
Malaysia strives for education excellence and tries to increase the pool of our manpower. The government are moving away from elite education, one that is based on egalitarianism to. We are in a way, bringing elite education, one that is based on excellence, to general population.
Different types of private institutions in Malaysia.
1. Sekolah Rendah Agama Swasta
2. Sekolah Rendah Swasta
3. Sekolah Menengah Agama
4. Sekolah Menengah Swasta
5. Sekolah Persendirian Cina (Private Chinese High School).
6. Kindergartens / Daycare centres
7. Sekolah Pendidikan Khas / Istimewa
8. International School
9. Expatriate school
10. Gaya Pos
11. Pusat – pusat bahasa, tuition, perdagangan dan kemahiran
12. Persatuan – Taekwondo, Silat etc
Strategies of Education Industry
Offer short courses
v e.g. courses like LCCI, language courses such as Arab, Japanese, computer courses such as Microsoft Office : MS Word, MS Power Point , and MS Access which will only need shorter duration to complete.
v all this courses are offered by private colleges which only need a few months or a year to complete.
v the students will be interested and eager to join the courses offered as it will be fast and they can gain a certificate after completion of the course.
v by offering this courses the institutions can gain a lot of income in a shorter period.
Conducting seminars, workshops
v there will be some seminars or workshops held in schools to improve the students’ skills and capabilities.
v besides that, seminars can help the students to gain knowledge and encourage them with hands-on activities.
v conduct brainstorming seminars where they can exchange ideas on certain topics.
v e.g. mathematics workshop, free or paid seminars for PMR students.
3. Offer training programs to teachers/lecturers
v training programs are to increase the teacher’s capabilities, strengths.
v during the programs teacher will be given some strategies on how to teach students efficiently and make the lesson interesting.
v also some methods of improving their teaching skills by incorporating the latest materials such as computers which will bring benefits for the students and also cater to their needs.
4. Attracting foreign students
v government should set up well-run and recognized industrial programs in institutions to attract students.
v let’s say if this foreign students studies in Malaysia, the institutions can gain a high currency flow.
5. Offer courses that are highly in demand
v the institutions should offer more courses that are in demand.
v students will be interested to take these courses as they know that it will be beneficial to them in the future.
v and all the courses fulfill the industrial needs.
6. Promoting the institutions through marketing
v some marketing officers will be coming to schools to promote their colleges and courses that they offer.
v also the facilities provided, some brief explanations on job opportunities with that particular qualification.
v besides that, there are also some institutions such as Cosmopoint which provides 2000 laptops to the first 2000 registries, Nilai College promotes Perodua Kancil and freebies such as pen, book, files and so on.
7. Institutions conduct open house/day
v students are able to visit the institutions and have first-hand experience of the facilities provided and also on how the lectures and tutorials will be conducted.
v this is being carried out by almost all of the institutions such as polytechnics, universities and private colleges.
ACCREDITATION
Accreditation means a formal recognition of the fact that the certificates, diplomas and degrees awarded by Private Higher Educational Institutions (PHEIs) are in accordance with the standard set by the Lembaga Akreditasi Negara. Students pursuing accredited courses are qualified for consideration to serve in the public service sector. Students who pursue accredited courses of study will also have the chance of obtaining scholarship or loans from sponsors or further their studies in any Public Higher Education Institution. The Lembaga Akreditasi Negara Act (Act 555) functions to ensure that all courses of study and training programmes offered achieve a standard acceptable to the norms and conventions of a higher institute of education. The idea of establishing National Accreditation Board (LAN) was mooted as a result of a resolution made at the Workshop on The Establishment of the National Accreditation Board. The rationale of the establishment is to:
a) Assurance of Quality Education
Malaysia is currently experiencing rapid development in both public and private education sectors. The quality of education at public institutions of higher learning is well monitored. There are set mechanism at these institutions and Ministry levels to monitor the standard and quality of the courses offered. LAN was established to help strike a balance between standard and quality in the PHEIs and the quest to create reputable integrated the holistic national higher education system.
b) Excellence in Education
Quality in a highly competitive world is a factor that guarantees the potency of an organization. The establishment of LAN should help the PHEIs improve their quality to enable them to compete with public higher education institutions in the creation of an excellent national higher education system.
c) Making Malaysia a Center of Educational Excellence.
It is the government’s aspiration that Malaysia becomes the regional centre for educational excellence. The certification and accreditation assessment by LAN can be used as the basis for international recognition and acceptance.
d) Creating an Independent Accreditation System
LAN was set up as a statutory body under the Ministry of Education, with the status of an autonomous body to monitor the standards and quality of higher education provided by the PHEIs. LAN also set up to become and authoritative body for determining the standards and quality of private higher education.
The functions of Lembaga Akreditasi Negara (LAN) are:
a) To formulate policies on the standard and quality control of the courses of study and certificates, diplomas and degrees.
b) To set, monitor, review and oversee the standard and quality the courses of study and for accreditation of certificates, diplomas and degrees.
c) To advise and make recommendations to the Ministry of Higher Education for his approval of courses of study to be conducted by Private Higher Educational Institutions with regard to the suitability of arrangements relating to the educational facilities relevant to the courses of study and the standard and quality assurance of the courses of study.
Other than the National Accreditation Board (LAN) there is other Accreditation that enables the graduates to be employed in the Public and Government sector which is Public Service Department (JPA).Recognition from JPA is necessary to enable graduates to be employed in the Public/Government sector. Without JPA's recognition, graduates can only gain employment in the private sector. The list of programmes submitted by LAN will be considered in the JPA's 'Jawatankuasa Tetap Penilaian dan Pengiktirafan Kelayakan (JTPPK)'' which is the government's committee to decide on granting the recognition.
Besides, there are also Accreditation for Engineering programmes and Accounting programmes. For example:
a) Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)
b) Malaysian Association of Certified Public Accountants (MICPA)
c) Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA)
RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the status of employability among graduates in Malaysia today? Why?
Based on a report in Malaysia Today entitled “Malaysia Has 60 000 Graduates Unemployed” (2005), the government has conducted a survey and found that around 60,000 Malaysian graduates are unemployed due to lack of certain skills such as communication skill, poor command of English and lack of work experience. Further, it has been reported by the Deputy Minister of Human Resources that a large number of graduates are still jobless. From the report, it was found that 70% of graduates from public universities, 26% from the private higher learning institutions and 34% of those graduated from foreign universities are still jobless (Suresh, 2006). This phenomenon is alarming as this indicates that the graduates are not qualified to be employed.
There are two major factors that we have discovered why the graduates are unemployed. The first factor is the graduates themselves and the second factor is industrial which are government and private.
Graduates :
· poor command of English
· lack of self confidence
· high salary expectations
· poor attitude (no discipline)
· courses taken are irrelevant to the job market (e.g HR, Dancing, Agricultural)
· qualified but don’t know how to apply it
Industrial – government and private :
· graduates lack of working experience and skills
· government has extended the age of retirement to 65 and because of this there are limited quotas for graduation.
· irrelevant degree – the qualifications that they have does not match the job
· insufficient jobs to cater to the graduates.
There are some actions taken by government to minimize un-employability among graduates.
· Entrepreneurship – government will help those fresh graduates to be entrepreneurs in the future
· Job Fair – all companies get together and offer jobs to unemployed graduates
· Skim Graduan Menganggur whereby the government will offer to teach them some hands on and technical skills to familiarize them with the working world. Here the graduates will be paid RM 500 monthly as an allowance.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
The 10th Malaysian Education Summit 2006 www.asli.com.my/document/programme 2005.pdf.27 March 2006
2. http://educationmalaysia.blogspot.com/2005/10/budget-2006-human-capital- development.html
3. Lembaga Akreditasi Malaysia. http://www.lanmalaysia.com. 23 May 2007
Help Shape Varsity Education, Industry Urged. www.thestar.com.my/services 23 August 2006
http://fba.unitar.edu.my/news/issue1_07/Nas.pdf
6. Branding Malaysia. http://jaime.trainingmalaysia.com/mapcu/S1- MsRosieHong.ppt 23 May 2007
7. MAPCU – (Malaysian Association of Private College Universities)
www.studymalaysia.com/mapcu/background.html.
Mohd Najib Tun Razak. Malaysia Today towards the new Millennium : Malaysia as a regional centre of educational excellence : The Challenge of Globalisation. (1997) Asean Academic Press : London p.227 – 231.
Okposin, Samuel Bassey. Perubahan Fasa Ekonomi Malaysia. (2003) ITNM : Kuala Lumpur p.184-209.
Tan Ai Mei. Malaysian Private Higher Education : Globalisation, Privatisation, Transformation and Marketplaces. (2002) Asean Academic Press : London p.7 – 11.
Education is the process of teaching and learning in school or college.
Industry is the activities involved in one type of business or something which is produced in large quantities which makes a lot of money.
Objectives of Promoting Education Industry in Malaysia.
1. Malaysia as a regional centre of education excellence.
Government aims to achieve vision 2020, changing Malaysia into an industrialized country. When the government started their economy revolution in privatizing sectors, one of the sectors included is education. Their aim is to bring the world class education to Malaysia.
According Professor Rosabeth Kantor’s “World class suggesting both the need to meet the highest standard anywhere in order to compete and the growth of a social class defined by its ability to command resources and operate beyond borders and across wide territories.”
Applying the 3 C’s concept, competence, connections.
a. concept – the best and latest knowledge and ideas
b. competence – the ability to operate at the highest standards in any place anywhere
c. connection – the best relationships which provide access to the resources of other people and organizations around the world.
By promoting the establishments of private universities it is hoped to bring the quality education comparable to the standards provided by world renowned universities. They are known for their quality research and publications that enhance the knowledge and contribute towards the advancement of sciences (Research and Development).
2. Education as an Industry Rather Than a Social Obligation.
By turning the eduction sector into an industry, the government has ease some of its burden when come to providing the best education to the public. Education in this context is no longer considered as a social obligations to the government but of a mean to generate the economic wealth. Instead of subsidizing the education to the public, the government in turn are turning the education sector as a profit making industry and people would enjoy better education that they can afford.The expanding of higher education market began to attract overseas students, and given a small domestic market, Malaysia started to reposition itself as regional centre of excellence in tertiary education to benefit from economies of scale.
3. Provide human capital to cater for the industrial needs.
Education reforms were introduced since the later 1980s to encourage the private sector to play a more dynamic and expanded role in higher education to meet excess demand and to produce sufficient skilled workers for an economy that was experiencing severe labour and skill shortages. It was apparent that self- sufficiency in education was critical to the nation's drive to achieve developed nation status by the year 2020.
4. Preparing our society for globalisation.
Education is and will always remain a public service and as such, we need to exercise a large degree of social responsibility. As we prepare our society for globalization, we also need to be mindful of the fact that there will be people who are left behind. Therefore, the education system has to be flexible enough to pay equal attention to both high and low achievers. At the end of the day, we would like to see the emergence of growth with equity to be based on a much more egalitarian basis, without hindering the quest for excellence.
Many people would argue that education is a determinant and also a reflection of society. Therefore, in a multiracial, complex and sophisticated society like ours, reforming education has to take into consideration many conflicting, extreme as well as contradictory views. At present, our reforms already reflect changes in the society, brought about by rapid economic growth.
Malaysia as A Regional Centre of Education Excellence
The education minister and his deputy as well as policy makers have indicated that the higher education reform is vital to help realize the vision 2020, national goal to be a developed, industrialized country. In addition the country aims to be a hub in education and information technology in the region therefore making especially higher education / tertiary level education an export commodity.
In the context of tertiary education, the privatisation of higher education and the corporatisation of the universities are in fact an extension of the twin policies of privatisation and “Malaysia Incorporated” of Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir where by May 15 1994, the government had privatised 103 entities and more than 15 previously governement owned companies. The reformation is driven mainly by the economic needs and economic agenda of the country. The country aims to make education an export commodity.
The vision will come to fruition only when all institutions of higher learning public or private can compete and have the competitive edge when compared to foreign institutions of higher learning both at regional or international level.
Malaysia has already established numbers of local universities, some are specialized into certain field of study. Malaysia also has many private universities and encouraging top foreign participation, it will indirectly provide competitions as well as improvement in the overall quality of education in the education in the country. Currently we already have the existing twinning programmes which are very popular even with foreign students would be able to come here to study without having to go too far or to shoulder a heavier financial burden.
The quality of education in Malaysia, at least equal to that of other countries in the region. This is apparent now that we have an open and liberal education system, especially with the new Acts, such as the Private Higher Education Act. The government is also investing a lot of the latest information technology such as installing computers in education and those that are at the forefront of technology and knowledge. They believe that the students must be equipped with the latest equipment to assist students.
Malaysia strives for education excellence and tries to increase the pool of our manpower. The government are moving away from elite education, one that is based on egalitarianism to. We are in a way, bringing elite education, one that is based on excellence, to general population.
Different types of private institutions in Malaysia.
1. Sekolah Rendah Agama Swasta
2. Sekolah Rendah Swasta
3. Sekolah Menengah Agama
4. Sekolah Menengah Swasta
5. Sekolah Persendirian Cina (Private Chinese High School).
6. Kindergartens / Daycare centres
7. Sekolah Pendidikan Khas / Istimewa
8. International School
9. Expatriate school
10. Gaya Pos
11. Pusat – pusat bahasa, tuition, perdagangan dan kemahiran
12. Persatuan – Taekwondo, Silat etc
Strategies of Education Industry
Offer short courses
v e.g. courses like LCCI, language courses such as Arab, Japanese, computer courses such as Microsoft Office : MS Word, MS Power Point , and MS Access which will only need shorter duration to complete.
v all this courses are offered by private colleges which only need a few months or a year to complete.
v the students will be interested and eager to join the courses offered as it will be fast and they can gain a certificate after completion of the course.
v by offering this courses the institutions can gain a lot of income in a shorter period.
Conducting seminars, workshops
v there will be some seminars or workshops held in schools to improve the students’ skills and capabilities.
v besides that, seminars can help the students to gain knowledge and encourage them with hands-on activities.
v conduct brainstorming seminars where they can exchange ideas on certain topics.
v e.g. mathematics workshop, free or paid seminars for PMR students.
3. Offer training programs to teachers/lecturers
v training programs are to increase the teacher’s capabilities, strengths.
v during the programs teacher will be given some strategies on how to teach students efficiently and make the lesson interesting.
v also some methods of improving their teaching skills by incorporating the latest materials such as computers which will bring benefits for the students and also cater to their needs.
4. Attracting foreign students
v government should set up well-run and recognized industrial programs in institutions to attract students.
v let’s say if this foreign students studies in Malaysia, the institutions can gain a high currency flow.
5. Offer courses that are highly in demand
v the institutions should offer more courses that are in demand.
v students will be interested to take these courses as they know that it will be beneficial to them in the future.
v and all the courses fulfill the industrial needs.
6. Promoting the institutions through marketing
v some marketing officers will be coming to schools to promote their colleges and courses that they offer.
v also the facilities provided, some brief explanations on job opportunities with that particular qualification.
v besides that, there are also some institutions such as Cosmopoint which provides 2000 laptops to the first 2000 registries, Nilai College promotes Perodua Kancil and freebies such as pen, book, files and so on.
7. Institutions conduct open house/day
v students are able to visit the institutions and have first-hand experience of the facilities provided and also on how the lectures and tutorials will be conducted.
v this is being carried out by almost all of the institutions such as polytechnics, universities and private colleges.
ACCREDITATION
Accreditation means a formal recognition of the fact that the certificates, diplomas and degrees awarded by Private Higher Educational Institutions (PHEIs) are in accordance with the standard set by the Lembaga Akreditasi Negara. Students pursuing accredited courses are qualified for consideration to serve in the public service sector. Students who pursue accredited courses of study will also have the chance of obtaining scholarship or loans from sponsors or further their studies in any Public Higher Education Institution. The Lembaga Akreditasi Negara Act (Act 555) functions to ensure that all courses of study and training programmes offered achieve a standard acceptable to the norms and conventions of a higher institute of education. The idea of establishing National Accreditation Board (LAN) was mooted as a result of a resolution made at the Workshop on The Establishment of the National Accreditation Board. The rationale of the establishment is to:
a) Assurance of Quality Education
Malaysia is currently experiencing rapid development in both public and private education sectors. The quality of education at public institutions of higher learning is well monitored. There are set mechanism at these institutions and Ministry levels to monitor the standard and quality of the courses offered. LAN was established to help strike a balance between standard and quality in the PHEIs and the quest to create reputable integrated the holistic national higher education system.
b) Excellence in Education
Quality in a highly competitive world is a factor that guarantees the potency of an organization. The establishment of LAN should help the PHEIs improve their quality to enable them to compete with public higher education institutions in the creation of an excellent national higher education system.
c) Making Malaysia a Center of Educational Excellence.
It is the government’s aspiration that Malaysia becomes the regional centre for educational excellence. The certification and accreditation assessment by LAN can be used as the basis for international recognition and acceptance.
d) Creating an Independent Accreditation System
LAN was set up as a statutory body under the Ministry of Education, with the status of an autonomous body to monitor the standards and quality of higher education provided by the PHEIs. LAN also set up to become and authoritative body for determining the standards and quality of private higher education.
The functions of Lembaga Akreditasi Negara (LAN) are:
a) To formulate policies on the standard and quality control of the courses of study and certificates, diplomas and degrees.
b) To set, monitor, review and oversee the standard and quality the courses of study and for accreditation of certificates, diplomas and degrees.
c) To advise and make recommendations to the Ministry of Higher Education for his approval of courses of study to be conducted by Private Higher Educational Institutions with regard to the suitability of arrangements relating to the educational facilities relevant to the courses of study and the standard and quality assurance of the courses of study.
Other than the National Accreditation Board (LAN) there is other Accreditation that enables the graduates to be employed in the Public and Government sector which is Public Service Department (JPA).Recognition from JPA is necessary to enable graduates to be employed in the Public/Government sector. Without JPA's recognition, graduates can only gain employment in the private sector. The list of programmes submitted by LAN will be considered in the JPA's 'Jawatankuasa Tetap Penilaian dan Pengiktirafan Kelayakan (JTPPK)'' which is the government's committee to decide on granting the recognition.
Besides, there are also Accreditation for Engineering programmes and Accounting programmes. For example:
a) Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)
b) Malaysian Association of Certified Public Accountants (MICPA)
c) Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA)
RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the status of employability among graduates in Malaysia today? Why?
Based on a report in Malaysia Today entitled “Malaysia Has 60 000 Graduates Unemployed” (2005), the government has conducted a survey and found that around 60,000 Malaysian graduates are unemployed due to lack of certain skills such as communication skill, poor command of English and lack of work experience. Further, it has been reported by the Deputy Minister of Human Resources that a large number of graduates are still jobless. From the report, it was found that 70% of graduates from public universities, 26% from the private higher learning institutions and 34% of those graduated from foreign universities are still jobless (Suresh, 2006). This phenomenon is alarming as this indicates that the graduates are not qualified to be employed.
There are two major factors that we have discovered why the graduates are unemployed. The first factor is the graduates themselves and the second factor is industrial which are government and private.
Graduates :
· poor command of English
· lack of self confidence
· high salary expectations
· poor attitude (no discipline)
· courses taken are irrelevant to the job market (e.g HR, Dancing, Agricultural)
· qualified but don’t know how to apply it
Industrial – government and private :
· graduates lack of working experience and skills
· government has extended the age of retirement to 65 and because of this there are limited quotas for graduation.
· irrelevant degree – the qualifications that they have does not match the job
· insufficient jobs to cater to the graduates.
There are some actions taken by government to minimize un-employability among graduates.
· Entrepreneurship – government will help those fresh graduates to be entrepreneurs in the future
· Job Fair – all companies get together and offer jobs to unemployed graduates
· Skim Graduan Menganggur whereby the government will offer to teach them some hands on and technical skills to familiarize them with the working world. Here the graduates will be paid RM 500 monthly as an allowance.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
The 10th Malaysian Education Summit 2006 www.asli.com.my/document/programme 2005.pdf.27 March 2006
2. http://educationmalaysia.blogspot.com/2005/10/budget-2006-human-capital- development.html
3. Lembaga Akreditasi Malaysia. http://www.lanmalaysia.com. 23 May 2007
Help Shape Varsity Education, Industry Urged. www.thestar.com.my/services 23 August 2006
http://fba.unitar.edu.my/news/issue1_07/Nas.pdf
6. Branding Malaysia. http://jaime.trainingmalaysia.com/mapcu/S1- MsRosieHong.ppt 23 May 2007
7. MAPCU – (Malaysian Association of Private College Universities)
www.studymalaysia.com/mapcu/background.html.
Mohd Najib Tun Razak. Malaysia Today towards the new Millennium : Malaysia as a regional centre of educational excellence : The Challenge of Globalisation. (1997) Asean Academic Press : London p.227 – 231.
Okposin, Samuel Bassey. Perubahan Fasa Ekonomi Malaysia. (2003) ITNM : Kuala Lumpur p.184-209.
Tan Ai Mei. Malaysian Private Higher Education : Globalisation, Privatisation, Transformation and Marketplaces. (2002) Asean Academic Press : London p.7 – 11.
Wednesday, July 25, 2007
Women in Early Islam by Naila Minai
I went through my old textbook and found this interesting piece of literature about Islam and I hope it can clarify to the outside world, what Islam really worth of.
Khadija, an attractive fourty-year-old Arabian widow, ran a flourishing caravan business in Mecca in the 7th century A.D., and was courted by the most eligible men of her society. But she had eyes only for an intelligent and hardworking twenty-five-year-old in her employ named Muhammad. "What does she see in a penniless ex-shepherd?" her scandalized aristocratic family whispered among themselves. Accustomed to having her way, however, Khadija proposed to Muhammad and married him. Until her death some twenty-five years later, her marriage was much more than the conventional Cinderella story in reverse, for Khadija not only bore six children while comanaging her business with her husband, but also advised and financed him in his struggle to found Islam, which grew to be one of the major religions of the world.
It was a religion that concerned itself heavily with women's rights, in a suprisingly contemporary manner. A woman was to be educated and allowed to earn and manage her income. She was to be recognized as legal heir to her father's property along with her brother. Her rights in marriage were also clearly spelled out : She was entitled to sexual satisfaction as well as economic support. Nor was divorce to consist any longer of merely throwing the wife out of the house without paying her financial compensation.
This faminist bill of rights filled an urgent need. Meccans in the seventh century were in transition from tribal to an urban way of life. As their town grew into a cosmopolitan centre of trade, kinship solidarity had deteriorated, but municipal laws had not yet been fully established to protect the citizens. Women were particularly vulnerable, their rights closely linked with the tribal way of life their people had known before renouncing nomadism to settle in Mecca around 400 A.D. In nomadic communities of the desert a woman was not equal to man. During famine a female could be killed at birth to increase her brother's food supply. However, if she managed to reach adulthood she had a better status in the desert than in the city, largely because her labors were indispensable to her clan's survival in the harsh environment. While the men protected the encampment and engaged in trade, she looked after the herds and produced the items to be traded - meat, wool, yogurt, and cheese, all of which bought weapons and grains as well as other essentials. As a breadwinner the tribal woman enjoyed considerable political clout. Even if she did not always participate in council meetings, she made her views known. Only a fool refused to heed his womenfolk and risked antagonizing a good half of his tribe, with whom he had to live in the close confines of the camp and caravan.
If tribal discord was uncomfortable in the best of circumstances, it was catastrophic during the battles that broke out frequently among the clans over pasture... to be continued
Khadija, an attractive fourty-year-old Arabian widow, ran a flourishing caravan business in Mecca in the 7th century A.D., and was courted by the most eligible men of her society. But she had eyes only for an intelligent and hardworking twenty-five-year-old in her employ named Muhammad. "What does she see in a penniless ex-shepherd?" her scandalized aristocratic family whispered among themselves. Accustomed to having her way, however, Khadija proposed to Muhammad and married him. Until her death some twenty-five years later, her marriage was much more than the conventional Cinderella story in reverse, for Khadija not only bore six children while comanaging her business with her husband, but also advised and financed him in his struggle to found Islam, which grew to be one of the major religions of the world.
It was a religion that concerned itself heavily with women's rights, in a suprisingly contemporary manner. A woman was to be educated and allowed to earn and manage her income. She was to be recognized as legal heir to her father's property along with her brother. Her rights in marriage were also clearly spelled out : She was entitled to sexual satisfaction as well as economic support. Nor was divorce to consist any longer of merely throwing the wife out of the house without paying her financial compensation.
This faminist bill of rights filled an urgent need. Meccans in the seventh century were in transition from tribal to an urban way of life. As their town grew into a cosmopolitan centre of trade, kinship solidarity had deteriorated, but municipal laws had not yet been fully established to protect the citizens. Women were particularly vulnerable, their rights closely linked with the tribal way of life their people had known before renouncing nomadism to settle in Mecca around 400 A.D. In nomadic communities of the desert a woman was not equal to man. During famine a female could be killed at birth to increase her brother's food supply. However, if she managed to reach adulthood she had a better status in the desert than in the city, largely because her labors were indispensable to her clan's survival in the harsh environment. While the men protected the encampment and engaged in trade, she looked after the herds and produced the items to be traded - meat, wool, yogurt, and cheese, all of which bought weapons and grains as well as other essentials. As a breadwinner the tribal woman enjoyed considerable political clout. Even if she did not always participate in council meetings, she made her views known. Only a fool refused to heed his womenfolk and risked antagonizing a good half of his tribe, with whom he had to live in the close confines of the camp and caravan.
If tribal discord was uncomfortable in the best of circumstances, it was catastrophic during the battles that broke out frequently among the clans over pasture... to be continued
Tuesday, July 24, 2007
Cover Letter 2 - Teacher
Sample cover letter for teaching position. I obtained this from my lecturer in Unisel and I find it very useful for fresh graduates. Again, DO NOT PLAGIARISE. Use it but change according to your creativity.
10 Jalan Bunga Raya
Bandar Sungai Long
45200 Klang
Selangor
18 July 2007
Human Resource Manager
Universiti Indah Khabar dari Rupa
4 Jalan Timur Tambahan
43100 Batang Berjuntai
Selangor
Dear Sir / Madam
APPLICATION FOR THE POST OF ENGLISH TUTOR
In response to your advertisement for the position of English Tutor in The Star dated 17th March 2007, I am writing to apply for the post.
I recently graduated with a First Class Honour of Bachelor's Degree in TESL from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor with a CGPA 3.75. During my study, I have exhibited excellent performance in both micro- and macro- teaching practicuum in Sekolah Menengah Putra Putri where my main responsibilities included conducting lessons, constructing exam papers, developing teaching materials and evaluating students' achievement.
While at university, I was active in several societies and clubs. I was the Vice-President of Umag Club and the President of MYREDS club. I believe my sound knowledge, vast experience and outgoing personality can be put to good use in your institution, Universiti Indah Khabar Dari Rupa.
I have enclosed my detailed resume for your perusal. I would be grateful if you would give my application favourable consideration. I am available at any time convenient to you for an interview and can be contacted at 012-123-456
Yours sincerely
Adlini Abdullah
10 Jalan Bunga Raya
Bandar Sungai Long
45200 Klang
Selangor
18 July 2007
Human Resource Manager
Universiti Indah Khabar dari Rupa
4 Jalan Timur Tambahan
43100 Batang Berjuntai
Selangor
Dear Sir / Madam
APPLICATION FOR THE POST OF ENGLISH TUTOR
In response to your advertisement for the position of English Tutor in The Star dated 17th March 2007, I am writing to apply for the post.
I recently graduated with a First Class Honour of Bachelor's Degree in TESL from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor with a CGPA 3.75. During my study, I have exhibited excellent performance in both micro- and macro- teaching practicuum in Sekolah Menengah Putra Putri where my main responsibilities included conducting lessons, constructing exam papers, developing teaching materials and evaluating students' achievement.
While at university, I was active in several societies and clubs. I was the Vice-President of Umag Club and the President of MYREDS club. I believe my sound knowledge, vast experience and outgoing personality can be put to good use in your institution, Universiti Indah Khabar Dari Rupa.
I have enclosed my detailed resume for your perusal. I would be grateful if you would give my application favourable consideration. I am available at any time convenient to you for an interview and can be contacted at 012-123-456
Yours sincerely
Adlini Abdullah
Cover Letter 1 - Computer Information Analyst
I found out that many of my colleagues are often required to prepare an example of a resume and cover letter for their assignment. Some come to seek for my advice since examples taken from books are often irrelevant. So to Unisel students, I hope you will find it handy for your assignment and I would like to remind you guys not to plagiarise or in another word, simply cut and paste and print it fresh from this page. Your lecturer will detect that and you may receive 0 for your paper! Change some item according to your creativity. Good luck!
July 27, 2007
Ms Adlini bt Ismail
Human Resource Manager
PICT Geek (M) Sdn Bhd
14-H Jalan Klang Lama
48000 Klang
Selangor
Dear Ms Adlini,
This letter and resume is in response to the advertisement you ran Sunday, 15 February 2007 in The New Straits Times for a Computer Information Systems Analyst.
I believe have the qualification and experience you are looking for. I have three years of experience as an information systems analyst. I have designed systems, developed them and worked extensively on analysing them to ensure they are working at maximum efficiency. While with one company, I was responsible for revamping its entire management information system. The changes I implemented resulted in a savings of more than RM100, 000 per annum for the company. In addition, the new system was also credited with improving production efficiency by more than 10% and cutting production time by an equal amount.
I have a Master's degree in Information Systems from Universiti Industri Selangor.
I have attached a resume which details my specific accomplishments. I shall be very happy to attend an interview any time convenient to you. My handphone number is 013-123-4567.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely
(Nurul Husna bt. Abdullah)
July 27, 2007
Ms Adlini bt Ismail
Human Resource Manager
PICT Geek (M) Sdn Bhd
14-H Jalan Klang Lama
48000 Klang
Selangor
Dear Ms Adlini,
This letter and resume is in response to the advertisement you ran Sunday, 15 February 2007 in The New Straits Times for a Computer Information Systems Analyst.
I believe have the qualification and experience you are looking for. I have three years of experience as an information systems analyst. I have designed systems, developed them and worked extensively on analysing them to ensure they are working at maximum efficiency. While with one company, I was responsible for revamping its entire management information system. The changes I implemented resulted in a savings of more than RM100, 000 per annum for the company. In addition, the new system was also credited with improving production efficiency by more than 10% and cutting production time by an equal amount.
I have a Master's degree in Information Systems from Universiti Industri Selangor.
I have attached a resume which details my specific accomplishments. I shall be very happy to attend an interview any time convenient to you. My handphone number is 013-123-4567.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely
(Nurul Husna bt. Abdullah)
Theme : Second Mrs Tang
The main theme of this story is respect. Ah Leng respects her father very much even though her father was unable to fulfilled her needs as they lived in an old house. She obeys whatever her father asked her to do. She never complains much as she is an obedient daughter. After becoming Mr. Tang's consubine, Ah Leng even respects Mrs. Tang. She followed whatever Mrs. tang asked her to do. She never argues or fights for her rights with Mrs. Tang. It showed in paragraph 1, line 15, page 29 "that he wanted no trouble with his wife and that she was to obey Mrs. Tang in everything". She does all the chores in the house and as obedient concubine to Mr. Tang, she fulfilled her duty as a wife to him.
The second theme of this story is sacrifice. The value of sacrifice was made by Ah Leng for her father. She was able to sacrifice her youth to marry someone much older as to fulfill her father's wish without knowing that it was her father's only choice as to pay his debt. Sacrifice was also made by Mrs. Tang by allowing Ah Leng into the family and become part of them as can be seen in line 1, paragraph 3, page 27, "Forcing a smile to her lips, she bent and accepted the cup of tea and touched its rim to her lips, once."
The next theme is poverty versus wealth. In this story, it shows the importance of money in the family where the poor ones are often being oppressed by the wealthy ones. The poor would do anything to step out of the miserable life including sacrificing their own future. Her father was willing to marry off his daughter as to bail himself out of the debt that he created and Ah Leng are victimized by serving Mr. Tang as a concubine out of her will and treated poorly by Mrs. Tang as we can see in line 2, paragraph 1, page 29, "Mrs. Tang, Tai Tai or Mistress, ordered her around and seemed irritated by her very existence."
The last theme is obedient. In this story, Ah Leng's character is described as being very obedient towards her father, Mr and Mrs Tang. She follows her father's wishes to marry her to Mr. Tang. She follows Mr. Tang order not to create problem with Mrs. Tang and do her duty as a concubine. She follows Mrs. Tang requests and treated her well when she was alive.
The second theme of this story is sacrifice. The value of sacrifice was made by Ah Leng for her father. She was able to sacrifice her youth to marry someone much older as to fulfill her father's wish without knowing that it was her father's only choice as to pay his debt. Sacrifice was also made by Mrs. Tang by allowing Ah Leng into the family and become part of them as can be seen in line 1, paragraph 3, page 27, "Forcing a smile to her lips, she bent and accepted the cup of tea and touched its rim to her lips, once."
The next theme is poverty versus wealth. In this story, it shows the importance of money in the family where the poor ones are often being oppressed by the wealthy ones. The poor would do anything to step out of the miserable life including sacrificing their own future. Her father was willing to marry off his daughter as to bail himself out of the debt that he created and Ah Leng are victimized by serving Mr. Tang as a concubine out of her will and treated poorly by Mrs. Tang as we can see in line 2, paragraph 1, page 29, "Mrs. Tang, Tai Tai or Mistress, ordered her around and seemed irritated by her very existence."
The last theme is obedient. In this story, Ah Leng's character is described as being very obedient towards her father, Mr and Mrs Tang. She follows her father's wishes to marry her to Mr. Tang. She follows Mr. Tang order not to create problem with Mrs. Tang and do her duty as a concubine. She follows Mrs. Tang requests and treated her well when she was alive.
Monday, July 23, 2007
Drug Abuse - Problem that Wreck Millions of Hearts
I was flipping through the newspaper one day when my eyes caught on one of the title, "Malaysia is a home to 1.2 million drug addicts." More than a million of souls, probably are productive citizens, are wasted to drugs and causing millions of grievances to others as they are going through the ordeals of living with this addicts. What is drug abuse? Drug abuse as defined is the act of using substances that are usually addictive, excessively that cause dependency on narcotics. In this essay, I would like to highlight what is the impact of a drug abuse to an individual, to the family and the society.
Firstly, the effects of drug abuse on an individual. The physical effect of drugs on an individuals varies according to the type of drugs used. Some common or general symptoms are drastic weight loss, loss of appetite, inability to focus and show slow reflect movement. Despite the terrible effect that they face, these addicts continue to consume or use drugs in a larger dose over time as their body started to develop tolerance over drugs and suffer from withdrawal symptoms once they stop. The drugs will also leave psychological effects on the abuser. Some of the symptoms are the state of thinking will be permanently altered by changing the way the nerve cells communicate. The effects on the character of an addict, they will feel anxious and paranoid and will keep on trying by all means to get the money to support their addiction such as through prostitution, burglary and even killing someone.
Secondly, the effects of a drug abuse on the family members. The effects on the spouse are usually devastating. Either the husband or wife will usually sustain physically and emotionally or mentally. Physically, he or she might suffer physical abuse and deprivation of basic necessities or even abandoned without any financial support. Emotionally, there will be tension in their relationship, causing depression, anger, humiliation and hatred leading to seperation. Children will suffer the most when come to seperation and divorce. Children of the drug addicts are often neglected by their addictive parents and causing disruptive and abusive behaviour. Their well beings may also be impeded due to physical and emotional abuse that they received. These addicts will also severe their relationship between their parents, siblings, relatives, friends by ignoring all the advice, counsels and lectures or even tortures as to change their bad habit.
Thirdly, the effects of drug abuse on society. The abuse on drugs itself corrupts the mind and value of an individual. These addicts are lack of self control and with poor judgement. They are of course a waste to the society. If they are not cured in fact the numbers are rising, more crimes will occur as these addicts are highly associated with crimes. They will also cause chains of social problem and countless other miseries associated wilth drugs. with the growing n umbver of crimes, the country economic growth will be impeded and therefore hinder the progress made by the government.
The effect on drug abuse is vast and devastating to the society. These effects can be felt by everyone especially to those who are living within the proximity of the addicts. Drug abuse causes thousands of miseries in the lives of these innocent people. With all the sufferings caused, in the end it pays by wrecking the hearts of millions of others.
Firstly, the effects of drug abuse on an individual. The physical effect of drugs on an individuals varies according to the type of drugs used. Some common or general symptoms are drastic weight loss, loss of appetite, inability to focus and show slow reflect movement. Despite the terrible effect that they face, these addicts continue to consume or use drugs in a larger dose over time as their body started to develop tolerance over drugs and suffer from withdrawal symptoms once they stop. The drugs will also leave psychological effects on the abuser. Some of the symptoms are the state of thinking will be permanently altered by changing the way the nerve cells communicate. The effects on the character of an addict, they will feel anxious and paranoid and will keep on trying by all means to get the money to support their addiction such as through prostitution, burglary and even killing someone.
Secondly, the effects of a drug abuse on the family members. The effects on the spouse are usually devastating. Either the husband or wife will usually sustain physically and emotionally or mentally. Physically, he or she might suffer physical abuse and deprivation of basic necessities or even abandoned without any financial support. Emotionally, there will be tension in their relationship, causing depression, anger, humiliation and hatred leading to seperation. Children will suffer the most when come to seperation and divorce. Children of the drug addicts are often neglected by their addictive parents and causing disruptive and abusive behaviour. Their well beings may also be impeded due to physical and emotional abuse that they received. These addicts will also severe their relationship between their parents, siblings, relatives, friends by ignoring all the advice, counsels and lectures or even tortures as to change their bad habit.
Thirdly, the effects of drug abuse on society. The abuse on drugs itself corrupts the mind and value of an individual. These addicts are lack of self control and with poor judgement. They are of course a waste to the society. If they are not cured in fact the numbers are rising, more crimes will occur as these addicts are highly associated with crimes. They will also cause chains of social problem and countless other miseries associated wilth drugs. with the growing n umbver of crimes, the country economic growth will be impeded and therefore hinder the progress made by the government.
The effect on drug abuse is vast and devastating to the society. These effects can be felt by everyone especially to those who are living within the proximity of the addicts. Drug abuse causes thousands of miseries in the lives of these innocent people. With all the sufferings caused, in the end it pays by wrecking the hearts of millions of others.
Wednesday, July 11, 2007
How to save for your children's future
When I was stuck with my irresponsible husband. My life was in a mess and my salary is far than enough especially he secretly stole my ATM card and later withdraw my money to spend on drugs. I was devastated and actually still hurt until today. I cannot forgive him yet. I took a drastic action that the money must be kept in a safe place where it is out of reach from both of us. It is for our daughter, just in case if he was shot dead and I were to die early, this is the only thing I can leave her with.
When she was 8 months old I realized that my husband took the money gave to our daughter and I make sure he pay it back at least some of it and I add in more. People have been giving her some money and at one point the amount was RM240 if I'm not mistaken but because of my husband, he spend along with my salary and left me peniless. Meticulously, I chipped in RM20.00 in the account every month. Every festive season, my daughter will receive between RM50 - RM100 from her aunts and uncles and relatives so I will keep the money and save it in the bank. Starting with RM20.00 I opened the bank account that was back in August 2004. Now it is already July 2007 and the amount has become RM1020.00.
Right now I am contented with that amount and decided to open a different savings account for her so that I can use the money to pay for her school fees and books later. At the same time I am totally broke and only depended on my sister's salary to get me through this month. No matter how broke I am, I can still smile to myself knowing that I have some savings for my little girl if I were to die tomorrow.
When she was 8 months old I realized that my husband took the money gave to our daughter and I make sure he pay it back at least some of it and I add in more. People have been giving her some money and at one point the amount was RM240 if I'm not mistaken but because of my husband, he spend along with my salary and left me peniless. Meticulously, I chipped in RM20.00 in the account every month. Every festive season, my daughter will receive between RM50 - RM100 from her aunts and uncles and relatives so I will keep the money and save it in the bank. Starting with RM20.00 I opened the bank account that was back in August 2004. Now it is already July 2007 and the amount has become RM1020.00.
Right now I am contented with that amount and decided to open a different savings account for her so that I can use the money to pay for her school fees and books later. At the same time I am totally broke and only depended on my sister's salary to get me through this month. No matter how broke I am, I can still smile to myself knowing that I have some savings for my little girl if I were to die tomorrow.
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